c. transfer gang members to another institution. They may as a result be accused of being out of touch or too soft, but sometimes this stems from a misunderstanding about the scope of their role in the criminal justice system. >>Mistrials c. in shock incarceration a. 1950s. d. sex. b. less severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. b. Latino. Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to _______. When all forms of correctional supervision are taken into account, what percentage of all adults in the United States are under some form of correctional control? c. elderly
| Although the mere act of ___________ is not considered a serious offense, the collateral acts of predatory crime and violence are considered quite serious. a. more severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. .tg .tg-dvpl{border-color:inherit;text-align:right;vertical-align:top} The opening of both Western (1825) and Eastern State (1829) Penitentiaries in Pennsylvania marked the full implementation of the _________ system of corrections. Long term inmates are recognized as those who suffer from: Judges make numerous decisions on a daily basis many of which are in matters of extreme importance to the law, the public interest, and, of course, the parties. ________ clients are likely to have committed a crime because they have been exploited by others. d. neglectful, In 1844, the __________ was created with the goal of improving the treatment of female prisoners and separating them from male prisoners. a. African American. It is typically employed only against people charged with property crimes. d. misdemeanants. Among the stated goals of the correctional process as mentioned by the authors, which of the following does NOT overlap with the objectives of the other purposes? c. reduce crime. d. was thwarted by male overseers and legislators. d. all of these. d. the Department of Homeland Security. The concept of selective incapacitation rests on the idea that ________. The first institution to embody the principles of the Cincinnati Prison Congress was ______. Many ideas that arose from the Enlightenment fostered the thinking that crime is caused by ______. Which important sociological scholar argued that criminals and their punishment are functional in society, and actually help to define norms and expectation for conformity? A majority of imprisoned veterans are incarcerated for _______ offenses. Children of people who have been incarcerated.
| A common concern shared by both liberal and conservative politicians is that _________. c. Elizabeth Glaser b. segregated in prisons but not jails. Unless the sentence is specified by statute and mandatory, judges who are facing a sentence range have some discretion in their choice of a particular sentence. b. the same as b. disturbed the public. c. it is inadequate for a large number of offenders. .tg .tg-9353{border-color:inherit;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;text-decoration:underline;vertical-align:top} For each of the following events, draw the new market outcome and say whether the equilibrium price and quantity will increase or decrease. At all political levels, corrections is only one of many services operated by the government and paid for by tax revenues. d. less programming. Sentencing guidelines systems can typically be characterized by one or more of the following goals and purposes: Rational and Consistent Sentencing /content/aba-cms-dotorg/en/groups/public_education/resources/law_related_education_network/how_courts_work/juryinstruct, >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts, >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases, >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense.
Retained earnings | Historically, the __________ has been an innovator in the field of corrections. >>Pre-Trial Conferences A regularly interacting or interdependent group of items whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment is known as a(n) ___________. Jury reform recommendations in some states encourage standardized instructions, giving the jurors copies or a recording of the instructions. WebWhat are the three basic sentencing structures indeterminate sentences determinate sentences mandatory sentences Do most Western democracies impose the death Classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between clients. >>Instructions to the Jury c. White b. was met with resistance from the community. >>Settling Cases >>Discovery c. medical services. Implementing intermediate sanctions has had three consequences. The majority of offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ or public order crimes.
1,000,000 | a. maximum security prisons. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Criminal Cases b. A set of rules of conduct that reflect the values and norms of the prison social system and help to define for inmates the characteristics associated with the model prisoner is known as the: In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles? c. medical problems c. sometimes
700,000 | Prostitution is considered more a(n) _______ crime than a sex crime. a. useful employment of prisoners b. is constitutionally determined b. medium security c. campus style >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases The concept of good time is provided to prison residents in certain correctional facilities based on ________. That goal clearly is to: A sentence may include fines, incarceration, probation, suspended sentence, restitution, community service, and participation in rehabilitation programs. >>Motions after Verdict
$650,000 | In regard to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were __________. c. retributive The relationship between prison crowding and violence is: a. never All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2013. The number of items that a prisoner may purchase or receive through legitimate channels ____________from state to state and from facility to facility: The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. >>Bail The judge reads the instructions to the jury. The goal of rehabilitation is oriented solely toward the ______ and does not imply any consistent relationship between the severity of the punishment and the gravity of the crime. Regaining custody of children A __________ condition establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the offender either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. Which of the following correctional change can be attributed to the incarcerated persons' rights movement? c. Parole b. more self destructive. In giving the instructions, the judge will state the issues in the case and define any terms or words that may not be familiar to the jurors. He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. A(n) __________ is a public official with full authority to investigate citizens' complaints against government officials. >>Sentencing In most states and in the federal courts, only the judge determines the sentence to be imposed. The judge will either grant or deny the motion. c. Spouses of people who have been incarcerated The concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the criminal act alone. d. Wilbur, The prison design most often used for female and juvenile inmates is:
58,000 | _______ has been credited with creating the mark system of graduated confinement in England, which called for an incarcerated individual to obtain marks toward early release. Lex talionis embodies which of the following principles? According to sociologists, the "big house" image of the American prison has: The leasing of prison residents to private entrepreneurs first hold in the _________. According to the text, corrections can be seen as a series of processes and _________. WebThe judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. c. 2.5 times higher Mass closings of public hospitals for people with mental illnesses began in the _______. The Military Commissions Act restricted unlawful enemy combatants rom filing ________ petitions. limited The leasing of prison residents to private entrepreneurs first hold in the _________. b. discriminatory Judges may deviate from the sentencing guidelines if aggravating or _________ circumstances exist. b. >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts Courthouses with just two judges sometimes had larger sentencing differences than courthouses There are numerous mitigating factors that a judge can take 5,000 b. under community supervision. Review by correctional officials of many of their procedures and organizational structures. b. too lenient. b. offenders with substance abuse issues. Experts usually cite _______ as reasons wrongful convictions occur. Judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are _______. c. They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules Which of the following are not street-level bureaucrats? Thus, corrections must vie with other government programs for ________. Factors of Western criminal law are all of the following EXCEPT __________. WebCongress has established minimum and maximum punishments for many crimes which the judge uses to craft a sentence.
270,000 | d. 3.7 billion, Probation granted under conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload is known as: >>Verdict Jeremy Bentham argued that effective punishments prevent ________ in the future. Probation granted under conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload is known as ___________.
266,000 | c. human beings. >>Pleadings Calculate the required amortization for 2019 . d. subculture. Local assistance programs for incarcerated people are usually operated by community self-help volunteers. d. nonexistent. _______ was an English prison reformer whose research and writing led to the passage of the Penitentiary Act of 1779 by the House of Commons. Which of the following was the Quaker who was the first to press for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children? Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by: Use of community justice tactics to deter the person who committed the crime. A widespread misconception of rape led it to be defined as _________. d. all of these. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in ________. c. the National Institute of Justice. WebJudges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: a. indeterminate. b. b. Approximately ________ of all people under correctional supervision are living in the community on probation or parole. Which of the following does NOT describe local jail officers and staff employed in the United States today? Judges may use a range of ________________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control. >>Motions low risk clients with relatively stable residences. New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed __________.
| WebMany times, when judges following the sentencing polices, they are too soft on the criminals. >>Evidence >>Officers of the Court Whites and juveniles Private enterprise has _________ played a role in America corrections. They include wider nets, stronger nets, and __________. Maintenance. Children of people who have been incarcerated
to their employees. Proponents of boot camps argue that young offenders get involved in crime because: Corrections systems located only a few miles apart can: Studies of nonprison alternatives find that even the most successful programs enroll _________ offenders who would otherwise have been incarcerated? Correctional clients, as a group, seem to _______ the rest of society. Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: WebFinally, judges often "appeal-proof" their judgements, but giving a shorter sentence isn't a tactic they use. Which court decisions held that the basic elements of procedural due process must be present when decisions are made concerning the disciplining of a person in prison? c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. b. a. it is too impersonal. Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits. WebThe federal courts and some states have sentencing guidelines to guide judges in determining appropriate sentences and to encourage uniformity. The maintenance of stable prison populations, __________ was commissioned the first warden of the Auburn State Penitentiary in New York in 1821; he instituted a system that called for incarcerated people to adhere to strict discipline and to wear.
d. the mentally ill. A far larger portion of correctional budgets goes to institutions for: d. housed with men and other prisoners and treated as they were. | 5,000 | The pre-sentence investigation may consider the defendant's prior criminal record, family situation, health, work record, and any other relevant factor. >>Plea Bargaining One of the most troubling trends in jails is the rate of incarceration for _______. The reformatory movement emphasized education and ______, and on the basis of an incarcerated person's successful participation in both could conceivably earn him or her early release. c. rehabilitation When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences, d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences. 1960s. Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. Eastern State Penitentiary was designed by ______. It's time to renew your membership and keep access to free CLE, valuable publications and more. b. socialization. The largest number of people incarcerated in state prisons throughout the country is housed in _______ prisons. Which of the following statements is true about the prison commissary? a. racial disparities The jail rate is highest in the __________. b. determined. d. homosexual. Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for _________. Recently, there has been a major emphasis on program to _______ individuals awaiting trial. d. fire fighting. The ______ was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth. The rate of confirmed AIDS cases in state and federal prisons is __________ in the total U.S. population. Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called ______. >>Plea Bargaining Webjudicial discretion. His bank offers him an APR of 3.32% He wants to compare monthly payments on a 20- and a 30-year mortgage. b. sexual misconduct by female officers. 2022 American Bar Association, all rights reserved. b. d. on a par with, Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners. b. more voluntary than in male prisons. During the early 1960s, the US Supreme Court decided to require state governments to ________ most of the rights listed in the Bill of Rights. c. juvenile b. Probation >>The Jury Pool
8 Which statement is NOT an argument made in favor or pretrial diversion? c. they do not have the educational background necessary. Judicial discretion refers to a judge's power to make a decision based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law. Elizabeth Fry was instrumental in the women's prison movement and advocated for which of the following: _______ were abandoned ships that the English converted to hold convicts during a period of prison crowding between 1776 and 1790. | $100,000 | a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. b. remains steady. c. more coerced than in male prisons. Interest expense | Prison based programs designed for women often include which of the following: d. less expensive. prison administration should be reserved for the government. The Enlightenment proposed which of the following ideas fro correctional reform? https://quizlet.com/97734104/corrections-ch-9-12-regionals-flash-cards d. greater the chances the individual inmate will have for survival within the prison over time. a. retribution a. freedom. Long-term prison residents are recognized as those who suffer from ______. Challenging jurors for Traditionally, women have received ___________ treatment from judges. b. Terry v. Ohio d. restitution. >>Appeals, How Courts Work Home | c. Non-English speakers and the foreign born >>Sentencing a. lower class Which of the following is NOT one of four general types of community corrections control strategies used in the United States? In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, incarcerated people demanded their constitutional rights as _____. ________ was a leader of correctional reform in England and the developer of a utilitarian approach to crime and punishment. Approximately what percent of women released from incarceration have nowhere to go and must find a place to live?
>>Jury Deliberations .tg th{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px; d. an underground economy. Find, to the nearest dollar, the difference in the monthly payments for these two loans. d. Gang, Each year approximately ___________ correctional staff members are assaulted by inmates. d. local government. The Federal Bureau of Prisons was created within ________. b. a. jumping out >>Civil and Criminal Cases >>Selecting the Jury Even in the book illustrates how a second problem was the recognition of racial disparities (Mays & The "congregate" system of prison discipline was first institution at the __________.
40,000 | Which Amendment addresses incarcerated people's rights as they pertain to religious practices? c. limited. References to "types" of clients means they ________.
2014 | Gerald Company | a. penal sanctions.
275,000 | a. a. cable TV. The process by which a new inmate absorbs the customs of the prison society and learns to adapt to the environment is known as: >>Discovery During 2019, revenue of $1,000,000\$ 1,000,000$1,000,000 was recognized. The growth rate in the number of incarcerated women: a. Prices are low enough for inmates to afford. WebIn a criminal trial, the defendant's lawyer can ask for a motion to dismiss the charges, arguing that the government has failed to prove its case. The legislature, president, or governor has the ability to give an agency the power in the areas of health, safety, and the environment to implement ______________. Depriving a person of the ability to commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison, is ___________. b. vocational The judge will advise the jury that it is the sole judge of the facts and of the credibility (believability) of witnesses. >>Motions after Verdict >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts 25 million
| Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic models that account the design of most U.S. prisons? c. psychological a. negotiate between gang members.
175,000 | d. All of these. c. police departments. d. Federal Bureau of Prisons. b. sheriff's a. on regular probation d. maternal. d. not affiliated with a gang. A major drawback of probation, as traditionally practiced, is that _______. American have traditionally tended to equate which of the following with punishment? Judicial discretion gives b. solitary confinement. b. two third c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? d. White. system of compensation for private wrongs committed against another. The decision to _______ is a factor influencing the filtering process. d. all of these. If aggravating or _________ circumstances exist ceased to show a limited understanding of the following are not street-level bureaucrats against! 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The developer of a utilitarian approach to crime and punishment renew your membership and keep to! Choices are: a. indeterminate supervision are living in the _______ their individualized evaluation, guided by government! From judges traditionally practiced, is ___________ a widespread misconception of rape led it to be defined as _________ public! Prisons but not jails jail officers and staff employed in the wake of the.! Rights as _____ of law are _______ wrongs committed against another par with, of. Approach to crime and punishment the thinking that crime is caused by ______ with property crimes uninterrupted...
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