0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria The last is when. Social Media Anxiety Disorder is another disadvantage of social media. Security and development are also related in the sense that being a public good, the imperative to maintain security competes with other public goods such as education, health, and infrastructure for public funds. Lack of institutional capacity resulting in government failure described as the corrosion or breakdown of institutional infrastructures. Civilians in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger continue to be affected by grave violations of human rights, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and suicide bombings. According to studies, the most effective approach to terrorism is effective security and dialogue with terrorists to tackle issues related to the source of terrorism, and the government must prioritize the benefits of the people. Nigerias Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has been growing at a slow pace in recent years. The government can abuse the emergency powers. They were too preoccupied with reading textbooks to understand how to apply what they had learned. [READ MORE] Embassy Messages Alerts Security Alert - Possible Protests Leading to Elections and Restricted Movements on Election Days - February 25 and March 11 Mon, 13 Feb 2023 Porous Borders One major immediate factor which has enhanced insecurity in Nigeria is the porous frontiers of the country, where individual movements are largely untracked. Nigeria has a population of around 180 million people. The conditions are set out in Nigerias 1999 constitution. The civil war can easily be traced back . In response to the forced closure of schools, the Oyo state government launched an "education-in-emergency" intervention called "School on Air" to serve as an alternative way of learning . It focuses on the emotional and psychological sense of belonging to a social group that can offer one protection). The combined emergency management authorities, policies, procedures, and resources of local, State, and Federal Governments as well as voluntary disaster relief organizations, the private sector, and international sources constitute a national disaster response framework for providing assistance, following a major disaster or emergency. This issue of lack of highly skilled personnel and sufficient manpower has led to reduced productivity in most sectors of our economy, and as such has limited our economic development and growth. It was during the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo . Currently, 3% of the population is between the ages of 15 and 64. Unemployment is also one of the key causes of social vices in the country; even graduates have difficulty finding work. Everyones main priority is not to deal with such type of maintenance. Terrorism At the most proximate and least disputable level, terrorism is the most fundamental source of insecurity in Nigeria today, and its primary bases and sources of support have generally been located in religious fanaticism and intolerance. Recommended: Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society. That this report is coming from a Nigerian saddens my heart. Also see: Why is Nigeria so corrupt? The following are some advantages of statelessness: As the server does not need to manage any session, deploying the services to any number of servers is possible, and so scalability will never be a problem; No states equals less complexity; no session (state) synchronize logic to handle at the . 22. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. Recommended: Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. Nigeria reported the country's . The judiciary ought to have, at this stage in our development, evolved time scales for cases. ppt/slides/_rels/slide14.xml.rels Cases of corruption are not meant to be compromised at all, let alone adjourning them endlessly. In many countries, the executive arm of the government declares a state of emergency. EM usually guides technicians to take preventive measures to prevent system from greater damages. The Nigeria-South Africa Chamber of commerce webinar for January 2021 was held on 28th January 2021. Required fields are marked *. Workers incomes are no longer sufficient to purchase physical goods from marketplaces. Nigeria's problems in the education sector have made it hard for the system to churn out market-ready graduates. Therefore, the government, civil society groups, business organizations,s, and individuals must fight insecurity so as to create an enabling environment where business organizations will feel free and secured to achieve their full potentials and the country will itself be safe to achieve sustainable development. 3. This can be accomplished by learning one or two different trades. Usually, the brakes come on at the last second before contact is made with the incoming object. It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. Nigeria must address its infrastructure challenges by providing adequate financing and clamping down on the misappropriation of public monies intended for infrastructure. This is because corruption affects practically all Nigerians on a daily basis, not only crooked politicians. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. Thus, in the absence of any real threats to security, expenditures on security can be reduced significantly, allowing national and local governments to channel more resources to other public goods to improve the quality of life of the people. Finally, dealing alone with the issues mentioned above will not appraise the root causes of insecurity. The lack of basic necessities by the people in Nigeria has created a pool of frustrated people who are ignited easily by any event to be violent. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. ppt/slides/_rels/slide11.xml.rels The administration has also pledged an equitable transfer of wealth to the people, which should be implemented. Lastly, state insurance departments assist in making insurance available to consumers. K= 7 ! Radical Change in Values A paradigm shift of values from the current order has also been suggested and emphasized by many, considering the role of values in the governance system, leadership developmental goals, and behavior towards corruption. All 36 of Nigeria's governors resolved to declare a state of emergency . It is, however, subject to abuse. There is a strong skepticism that if the level of insecurity in our country is not scaled down, our vision to be among the best 20 countries of the world may be aborted. Those who advocate for one tribes supremacy over others should be warned and potentially sanctioned. Failure of successive administrations in Nigeria to address challenges of poverty, unemployment, and inequitable distribution of wealth among ethnic nationalities is one of the major causes of insecurity in the country. Aluta pointed out that it is necessary to distinguish between different causes as each may require a different remedy. Problems hindering the economy development of Nigeria. Attending school provides you with extra information, allowing you to become an educated tailor, baker, or shoemaker, for example. Nigeria is a third-world country year after year due to this issue. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. .( ppt/presentation.xmln0"Q(F. The countrys population is diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups represented. h. Finding a remedy to corruption has proven to be a dead end throughout the years. Graduates frequently have to stay in their parents houses for an extended period, leading to dissatisfaction and pessimism. We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. But the countrys federal system is deeply flawed with power and resources inordinately in control of the central government. Also, the porosity of the Nigerian borders has made it possible for an unwarranted influx of migrants from neighboring countries such as the Republic of Niger, Chad, and the Republic of Benin. Such that there is the temptation to lose sight of the fact that such a declaration can also arise due to natural disasters and calamity as provided for under section 305(3)(e). Reconsider travel to Nigeria due to crime, terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, and maritime crime. Production Business enterprises rely on the availability and regular supply of raw materials for production. In an autonomous braking system, the first thing that will trip is the forward collision alert followed by the braking system. Students who attend tertiary education institutes frequently leave with no employment and low morale. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. Below are 10 causes of insurgencies in Nigeria. News May 22, 2013 Nigeria: State of emergency must not lead to more human rights abuses. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. Instead, a coordinated preventive measure is necessary for addition to military strategies and judicial institutions. In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. On December 18, 1980, in Kano city a notable religious riot between the maitatsines, an anti-westernization sect and. In their pursuit, they have damaged oil pipelines and abducted oil employees. , 8 [Content_Types].xml ( n0'"Nn"RCpmXy$ 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Located in western Africa and bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Benin, and Niger, Nigeria occupies a land mass of approximately 924,000 km 2 (357,000 mi 2 ), about twice the size of California. To begin, the government should put in place policies that have already been developed, such as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender equality. This is because a state of emergency gives the government a wide range of special powers to deal with the situation at hand. They were pupils of Government Secondary School in Chibok, Nigerias Borno State. 1~LaRS\&i1PPABwcg6GMH\(>hN{K(wx{ PK ! Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is usually investment targeted at building new factories or investing in actual production activities which create jobs. 4 Anambra State - Awka. Nigerias annual inflation rate rose to 11.23 percent in August 2018, up from 11.14 percent in July, which was higher than the markets forecast of 11.11 percent. Thanks so much, I love the way you broke things down and not just that. Good governance good governance is the panacea for the insecurity challenge in Nigeria. It is argued that except our values are right, we cannot get it right as a nation in all of the areas that we have itemized, and except we get it right in those areas, the people will continue to suffer deprivation and injustice which will cause dissatisfaction and disaffection and consequently create an insecure environment. As such, workers resign to run away from such areas and fresh people do not want to go there for employment. A paper presented by Director Panning Research and Forecasting, NEMA, to participants of the National War College Course 13, at the . Besides, the Migration of people from the areas to other parts of the country or outside as a result of insecurity will affect the customer base of businesses operating in the environment where the insecurity exists. Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with very high rural/urban drift. The study has shown that tricycle has contributed significantly to the transportation system in Nigeria. 2. The underlying principle of good governance is the focus on people as the ultimate objective of governance. In order to facilitate this collaboration, Memoranda of Understanding have been signed by several United Nations agencies; these agreements aim to clarify roles and responsibilities in emergency relief and rehabilitation programmes, and outline commitments to joint activities within agency competencies. The argument for this is that such leaders will help to mold the contending ethnic and religious groups into harmony and help to remove the perceived mutual distrust among them. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. World Bank on the investment climate in nine African countries in which it was found that 29% of business operators in Africa and 36% in Nigeria perceived insecurity as a major constraint on investment. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Frequent and persistent ethnic conflicts and religious clashes between the two dominant religions (Islam and Christianity), present the country with a major security challenge. This is the case in Nigeria quite often. One of the biggest causes of crime among Nigerian young is negativity; they turn to unlawful activities since they have nothing better to do with their time or money. There is hardly a day that passes without sorry tales of pre-meditated killings, armed robbery and other crimes and attacks nationwide. NGC implodes : Dr . This does not even take into account the country's . Abstract. Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. Roads are in disrepair due to corruption and misappropriation of public monies Only 67 percent of paved roads and 33 percent of unpaved roads were in good or fair condition in 2011, according to the World Bank. No. Non-governing citizens are also judged guilty, even though they are supposed to be free of corruption. This perception stems from the perception of marginalization by a section of the people, government development policies, and political offices and this has become a primary source of disaffection and resentment. This is crucial because if businesses fold up and investors are no longer forthcoming, then the future is bleak. ppt/slides/_rels/slide15.xml.rels _En ] ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.rels ( N0&)ef`6d&FpDhImF'..| ahJWRMBHeV"&/ "4&W'tY:UIiL{KNKhKpc-Ox4 There ought to have been a time to determine a cause; time to close that case; and time to deliver judgment and pass sentences. 7. These unexpected failures can be dangerous and might cause greater damage to health, safety as well as working environment. There. These factors have been classified or grouped into external and internal factors. So what does an official declaration (either at the local or state level) actually do? The Nigerian government recently threatened to declare a state of emergency in Anambra, a state in the south-east of the country, because of rising insecurity. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide4.xml.rels This negativity is one of the main reasons for crime among Nigerian youth; they turn to illegal activities since they have nothing better to do with their time or money. Even if you dont live in Nigeria, youve probably heard of Boko Harams kidnappings of hundreds of children, predominantly girls, from schools and communities in northern Nigeria in 2014. Despite being neighbors, the mostly Muslim north and predominantly Christian south were never united until 1914. The use of violence to combat violence is unlikely to succeed in eliminating terrorism since it will result in the deaths of many innocent people. In addition to the fact that areas pruned to insecurity will not be attractive for marketers from outside, there will be restrictions on mobility. Emergency maintenance does not increase lifetime of equipment. Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and a weak component. . Nigeria once Africas largest economy continues its downward trend due to coronavirus issues, Banditry, Endsars, and other security vices. The Speaker was Chris Aluta, GMD, ProtectionPlus Services Limited. Beyond the external-internal dichotomy, sources of insecurity have also been classified as either remote or proximate and immediate sources/causal factors. Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. I what to know the genesis of thi As a result, the city declared a local state of emergency, advising residents to remain indoors, to stay off roads and sidewalks, and to stay away from rushing street waters and to avoid the Main Street bridge. It is heartbreaking to learn that the government, which was established to strengthen the country and combat corruption, is taking from its citizens. Every kid has the right to an education in a safe and healthy setting. Ordinary citizens having small and medium scale businesses cannot open shops for business transactions. . It further examines the issues of funding NEMA and the State Emergency Management Agency In Nigeria, election tampering is not uncommon. Border settlement inside the country is still a work in progress. 2013, is a baby agency in emergency management, compared to Lagos State Emergency Management Agency (LASEMA). When the Governor duly proclaims the existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within the state caused by fire, flood, storm, epidemic, technological failure or accident, riot, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, earthquake, explosion, terrorism, The Conversation Africas Ogechi Ekeanyanwu asked political science lecturer Uchenna Simeon to explain the circumstances under which a state of emergency can be declared. As a means of surviving, many unemployed adolescents have turned to internet frauds. Emergency maintenance is something that if failed equipment is not repaired immediately after failure, then it might cause greater damage, affects health, and results in production loss. In addition, the security situation remains serious in Nigeria. This is because such environments or economies are considered high-risk zones due to the high level of uncertainty about the safety of investment and the lives of the managers and their staff. 1. Nigeria must continue to upgrade its infrastructure as well as improve its health and primary education. Government must not only continue to engage the security personnel, but it must also, more than ever before, recognize the need to devote more attention to security intelligence, capacity building to meet the global best practice standard, and acquisition of modern technology. Water resources and railways have similar problems with insufficiency and corruption. There is an unspoken belief that ethnic majority dominate the affairs of the country, which makes minorities feel like second-class citizens in their own country, not for any fault of their own, but just because they are few. Pervasive Material Inequalities and Unfairness Greater awareness of disparities in life is a major root cause of insecurity in Nigeria. Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. It is only a temporary situation, in which action can be taken during dangerous or difficult situations. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. This is manifested by the incapacity of the government to deliver public services and to provide basic needs for the masses. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 9. He mentioned that the crime rate in Nigeria is extremely high. Nigeria ratified the Siracusa Principles. This frequently causes a sense of perceived unfairness by the government and its agents towards these communities. Being your own boss pays better than anything else. This organization has filed a lawsuit against the government for control of money derived from the sale of crude oil produced in their territory. Lack of skilled personnels: Brain drain has become a common phenomenon today, as our highly skilled professionals are now relocating to countries where there are quality infrastructures to work, great standard of living, and a good pay to match. :c7HN|g>c91I@sXdXr1}fr`6'sgJm1TixgLME5+ g. Since we are all aware of our economys job dilemma, everyone should strive for a back up plan. If there are no jobs in the economy, try to create some. [2] The study has shown that at a speed of about 30 km/h, tricycle occupant is prone to. One can say that emergency is a dangerous situation that requires immediate and quick action. Donate now 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! (Section 305 (1) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended), Cap C23 . March 30, 2022. The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. For example, a person can be too high of a risk to be desirable to standard insurance providers. As the premeditated use or threat of use of violence by an individual or group to cause fear, destruction or death, especially against unarmed targets, property or infrastructure in a state, intended to compel those in authority to respond to the demands and expectations of the individual or group behind such violent acts which has cost 13.4 percent of the world gross domestic product. 3 Akwa Ibom State - Uyo. Institutions remain weak with insufficiently protected property, rights, high corruption, and undue influence. c\# 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide1.xml.relsj0=wW;,e)C>!mQ[:o1tx_?],(AC+lt>~n_'\08c 1\0JhA1Q!K-_I}4Qg{m^0xKO;-G*|ZY#@N5 PK ! Nigeria was the 33rd most corrupt country in 2013, mathematically. Abrupt braking. of Human Rights (ECtHR) that a public emergency must "concern [a state's] entire population" to justify a state of emergency.9 Under the fiduciary model, states would be permitted to derogate from their human rights obligations where necessary to address regional instability that threatened the state's capacity to maintain legal order. In the year preceding up the 2007 elections, a Foreign Affairs study found about 700 election-related violent actions, including two killings. 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