'cag[template]' : 'story_simple' , In Massachusetts, for example, trial court judges actually receive a smaller salary than what is paid to first-year associates at over 30 of the state's law firms. But every coin has a flip side, and the disadvantages of judicial elections are built around the very same factors the advantages are. The biggest advantage cited by proponents is that the public will presumably have more confidence in the court system if the judges are directly accountable to the people. The judiciary is required to have this type of protection in order to maintain the executive and legislative branches checks and balances. mps._queue.mpsloaded = mps._queue.mpsloaded || []; Redirecting. In federal courts, judges are appointed and it varies between appointment and election for state courts. The number of judges appointed to the Supreme Court has decreased in recent years. The equation must also include recruiting and retaining the nation's top judicial minds. Much of the pay will depend on the level of courts that you work in and how long you have been working as a judge. Advocates hope that the perennial issue may finally draw some attention. As a recent appointment to the Court, the most knowledgeable member is seen as less knowledgeable than the more senior justice. Continue with Recommended Cookies. As a result, judges may believe their own opinions rather than what is best for the nation, resulting in decisions that do not serve the public well. Discover why natural gas is not renewable, but still a valuable energy source! Dispersing power to appoint members of the commission across a variety of groups the Governor, legislators from both parties strengthens the commission's independence. Judges who do not have life tenure are also vulnerable to dismissal. This gives citizens the power to revoke an office and hold a representative accountable for any actions. Fourth, it can lead to a judiciary that is not transparent in its decision-making. The basic purpose of lifetime appointment is toassure the integrity of the power granted to Court Justices and protect them against unwarranted interference from either the legislative or executivebranch. mps.__intcode = "v2"; Constitution of United States of America 1789, Purpose of Lifetime Appointment and Pros and Cons, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Ginsburg passed away, Know The Nature and Role of The SC Justices, Understanding The Influence of The Bill Of Rights, What You Need to Know About Proposed and Unratified Amendments. In this view, the Supreme Court would be better served by more frequent turnover in its membership. "What are some pros and cons of appointed judges?" Another positive aspect of electing judges is that it can lead to greater diversity in the court system. Natural gas: clean, affordable, reliable energy for all! It will help you to understand your responsibilities as well as how to translate the law to apply to specific cases. Federal judges make decisions on the most important and contentious issues of the day. How will a carbon monoxide detector help keep you safe? Cost: Elections for judges can be costly and may divert resources away from other important needs. var _qs = window.location.href; Finally, an elected judge may be less likely to make tough decisions. The European Coal and Steel Community: Unity Through Strength! This article seeks to examine the arguments for and against elected judges, so readers can come to their own conclusions on the subject. In cases involving rape, for example, appointed judges have often shown themselves insensitive to the needs of victims, holding onto outdated opinions of gender relations which have little if anything to do with the law, but everything to do with personal prejudice. the point of elected versus appointed judges is merely who will have the power over them the people or a select number of politicians and bar members or the public they serve. 2023 CNBC LLC. In 2020, the salary rose to $216,400. On average, judges will earn between $180,000 and $270,000 per year. Appointment based systems do a better job than electoral systems of keeping the judiciary from being politicized. Judicial appointments are limited by the Constitution, and the Senate can remove a judge only for cause, which is defined as being approved by the Senate. What are the pros and cons of electing judges? The lifetime term not only provides job security to appointed judges, but it also allows them to act in the best interests of the law without fear of being fired if they do so. var setAdblockerCookie = function(adblocker) { const name = ONE_TRUST_COOKIE_NAME; Some argue that this would provide stability and continuity within the judiciary, while others contend that it could lead to corruption and abuse of power. Undoubtedly there were other factors driving these decisions, and the quality of a judge is certainly not measured by how often they rule in favor of the defendant. Appointment-based systems better serve their purpose when complemented by evaluation commissions. Lets find out! Federal court judges are appointed for life. This currently includes Maricopa, Pima and Pinal Counties. if (typeof(window._mpspixZ) != 'string') { In some cases, such as a Doctor one may prefer an expert over someone who has an amiable personality or views. Their key interest and sworn duty is to act in the furtherance of justice. const url = `${window.location.pathname}${window.location.search}`; return true; Georgia: Judges of the Probate Courts compete in partisan elections. The President appoints members of the Supreme Court, and the Senate has to approve their appointments. } The pro is that appointed judges are free of the political process. 'byline' : 'Steve Odland' , Judges rightfully deserve praise for their public service and commitment to the pursuit of justice. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Think of the characteristics we often associate with the ideal judgefair, impartial, judicious, balancedand then further consider how they could possibly be reconciled to a process which of its very nature is contentious and partisan. If the judge has a personal stake in a case, for example, he or she may tend to rule in a way that benefits him or her more than the general public. mps.response.dart.adunits[i].data = ''; The main negative being that lifetime appointment limits the court to fresh ideas and . Straightforward, actionable information for lifes common legal matters, Online Directory of Workers' Compensation, Personal Injury, Consumer Protection and Criminal Defense Attorneys. Some cases are going to be challenging, no matter how smart you are or how long you have been practicing law. the time of effectiveness. You may also be featured in various newspaper articles as people feel the need to critique you. Inaccordance with the principle of providing checks and balances, the executive and legislative branches exercise control over the Supreme Court by, respectively, proposing and approving candidates for that body. Should Supreme Court judges be elected or appointed? //begin OneTrust Redirect Elected judges are judges who are chosen by the people through a democratic process, typically through voting in an election. This scenario may sound all too familiar, as some judicial contests start to mirror the bickering and distortions that characterize many races for legislative and executive offices. Regardless, there is no need to reinterpret "good behavior" because the most common proposal to fix interminable tenures at the high court an 18-year nonrenewable term limit for future justices, with an appointment every other year would not remove a justice from her "office" upon completion of her term. // check for region and redirect if country is in EEARegion Got a confidential news tip? let cStart = document.cookie.indexOf(`${name}=`); Talk with judges and even ask to shadow one so that you can learn the pros and cons in-depth before making any career decisions. It is critical for the people of the United States to be aware of the possibility of less informed decisions made by judges in their courts, which may lead to cases being decided in an unfavorable way, endangering the publics interests. But they would be limited to 18-year terms. This possibility could not conceivably fall under the purview of the requirement for good Behavior and at present is not provided for under U.S. law. Judges are there to interpret and apply the law, not carry out specific policies endorsed by the electorate. Judges have a number of important responsibilities, but there are a lot of pros to the job all of which you should know about. Voters then have periodic chances to vote judges they don't like out of office. Their responsibilities can vary greatly from court to court. All Rights Reserved. However, the policy of lifetime appointment also has its drawbacks. Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to appoint federal judges for life is a complex one that depends on a variety of factors. No need to gas up natural gas is bad for the environment! Hi, my name is Jamie Willis, and I have been helping students find their perfect internships and education paths for the last ten years. Whether a judge should be elected or appointed has been a topic for discussion since the creation of a judicial system. You will meet new people, work with new lawyers, and be able to make decisions on the various cases that come across your courtroom. This can offer you a significant amount of peace without any menial interruptions. The candidates who triumph will end up addressing matters with major implications for democracy and our economy. In essence, there is just one pro and one con to having appointed judges. According to Article III of the Constitution, the Courts judges are required to maintain their offices during good behavior. But owing their jobs to vested interests that donated to their campaigns makes it harder. "updatecorrelator" : true According to a recent article, federal judges with life tenure are not held to the same standards as those without tenure. var foresee_enabled = 1 In addition, elected judges are more likely to be familiar with local laws and regulations. Continue Learning about American Government. The idea of appointing Supreme Court justices on a permanent basis is stated in Article III of the U.S. Constitution. As one study reports, "public confidence in judicial candidates and the judiciary as a whole is bolstered when voters receive such information through [judicial performance evaluation] programs." Appointed judges are chosen on merit. !e;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[n]&&(this.xhrGuids[n]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}),f.on("xhr-load-removed",function(t,e){var n=""+p(t)+! It will take some time to become a judge because of the doctoral degree that you will need. Submitted by: Robert B. Frieberg, PO Box 511, Beresford, SD 57004. Short-term focus: Elections create a focus on short-term political considerations and may not serve the long-term needs of the legal system. Judges are reelected to additional terms. Q: The state . What are the pros and cons of this system? As judges are chosen by popular vote, they may be more likely to be influenced by political pressure and special interest groups. There are more than 3,000 elected judges in the state. mpsload.id = "mps-load"; In the Supreme Court, the chief justice is seated at the center, while the justices are seated at the top. As you learned in this chapter, State Court Judges in Texas are elected. const OneTrustCategories = { Follow him on Twitter @CEDUpdate and @SteveOdland. 'cag[attribution_source]' : 'CNBC US Source' , Candidates must face the electorate at regular intervals, providing them with a chance to demonstrate their commitment to upholding justice and the law. !e;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[n]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[n],this.totalCbs-=1)}),f.on("addEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof m&&"load"===t[0]&&f.emit("xhr-load-added",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),f.on("removeEventListener-end",function(t,e){e instanceof m&&"load"===t[0]&&f.emit("xhr-load-removed",[t[1],t[2]],e)}),f.on("fn-start",function(t,e,n){e instanceof m&&("onload"===n&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(t[0]&&t[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=a.now()))}),f.on("fn-end",function(t,e){this.xhrCbStart&&f.emit("xhr-cb-time",[a.now()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,e],e)})}},{}],16:[function(t,e,n){e.exports=function(t){var e=document.createElement("a"),n=window.location,r={};e.href=t,r.port=e.port;var o=e.href.split("://");!r.port&&o[1]&&(r.port=o[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),r.port&&"0"!==r.port||(r.port="https"===o[0]? Date.now() : (function() { return +new Date })(); Since the proces . }); Elected judges are better than appointed judges at campaigning, raising money and television. var postLoadFunctions = {}; function getOneTrustCookie() { There have been only 17 Chief Justices in 211 years, and 112 Justices have served on the Supreme Court. Another positive aspect of electing judges is that it can lead to greater diversity in the court system. return false; If the people feel that a judge is doing a poor job or is abusing their power, the people have an opportunity to vote in someone. This comes with both pros and cons. Federal judges have lifetime appointments so that they can fulfill this role without fear of political retribution. When a judge rules in a way that is favorable to a particular political party or group, even if it may not be in the best interests of the general public, he or she has the right to do so. This cost can be passed onto taxpayers, leading to an inefficient use of resources. Federal judges have a unique and important role in our society. The Supreme Court has recently become a hot topic in the news. 'template' : 'story_simple' , 'pubdate' : '1466081036' , Every other year, the Judicial Conference surveys the needs of judges in order to determine their needs. script.setAttribute("async", true); Due to the political implications, life tenure is becoming increasingly contentious. head = document.head || document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0], mpsload = document.createElement("script"); It can be a prestigious job title that will open a lot of doors in society. Appointments . Supreme Court justices typically serve 25 to 30 years, according to Edward Lazarus, dean of law at Harvard University. This allows them to make decisions based on the law and the facts, without worrying about how it will affect their career. typeof mps._gptfirst == "function" && mps._gptfirst(adunit, slotid); Indiana: Some circuit court judges . } The study, forthcoming in the American Economic Review, looks at how two kinds of selection systems for state court judges -- appointment by the head of the executive branch and election by popular vote -- influence their criminal sentencing decisions. According to an Northeastern law professor, the goal of the legislation was to keep justices from engaging in partisan politics. The question boils down to whether or not politics and law should mix, and if so, to what extent. Almost all democratic nations have either fixed terms or mandatory . if (EEA_REGION_COUNTRY_CODES.includes(result.geo.country_code)) { Latest answer posted June 18, 2019 at 6:25:00 AM. States should set fair salaries, establish nonpartisan commissions for appointing judges, and periodically evaluate their performance. Discovering coal deposits around the world an adventure for the ages! mps._queue.refreshads = mps._queue.refreshads || []; The process of electing judges can vary widely depending on the jurisdiction, but in most cases, judges must be members of the bar and have a certain amount of legal experience before they can run for office. Because the decisions they make have a direct impact on many peoples lives, judges with lifetime appointments are less likely to be influenced by political pressure. Criticisms of the general policy of lifetime, the appointment has also been stoked by the criticism of specific Supreme court Justices and of the Courts culture in general for moving toward a more legislative, politicized function, which critics might find it less problematic if offenders did not remain on the bench for so long. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. What are the pros and cons of "professional jurors?". Globalization and technological progress now allow capital to cross borders with unprecedented ease. Bankruptcy courts in the United States have the authority to rule on bankruptcy matters, and they are appointed by judges on the U.S. Court of Appeals. The current election of judges, while frustrating in many aspects, encourages regular community involvement. 'cag[configuration_franchise]' : 'Elections' , '); This could lead to biased decisions, as judges may be more likely to favor certain groups or interests. Judicial Elections: Pros & Cons of Electing Judges. )+[a-zA-Z]{2,}))/; To safeguard neutrality on the bench, states should move from electing to appointing judges specifically, through nonpartisan commissions that select judges based on merit. As voters have a say in who becomes a judge, this system allows them to have a direct stake in their judicial system. {key:e[2],parent:a(e[1],window)}:{key:t,parent:window}}var c=t("ee").get("jsonp"),f=t(24)(c);if(e.exports=c,o()){var u=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,d=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,p=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(. NORTH DAKOTA: All judges are selected in non-partisan elections. Judges play a vital role in the justice system. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? The Constitution requires judges to serve for a term of good behavior, which is typically defined as life in office to ensure independence and protection from partisan pressure. Catholics have argued that she will be influenced by their faith in her decisions on abortion and birth control. return Object.values(OneTrustCategories).filter((c) => blockedCategories.includes(c)).length > 0; There, the judiciary is appointed on the basis of merit. According to him, the start of each term should be staggered two years for each of the nine Supreme Court justices. They also wanted to ensure that judges would be impartial and objective in their decision-making. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Find out here! They should be picked by legal experts, not by the voters who have no real basis on which to choose between them. Though the requirement for good behavior presents the one exception to the lifetime term of a Court Justice, as can be implemented in law through Congressional impeachment, this option is rarely used and not often seriously considered. }; If their terms are 4-6 years, they are also more responsive to public opinion (or at the le. Rather than glad-handing politicians to secure an appointment, the aspiring judge must appeal to the people he hopes to serve. An appointed judge is merely one who is elected by a small number of persons who would then have leverage over the judge. However, only eight of those 17 elections succeeded in unseating a legislator. You will need to fill out forms, get certificates, and write up reports that provide your opinion of the case, which is filed with each and every case. ', window.location); The first is the appointment method, in which the executive of the state nominates an individual to become a judge, and (usually) the state senate must confirm the nominee before he or she takes office. You can check out the pros and cons and make your own decision. It can help you to make the best possible decision about the cases that will be in your courtroom for the following week. Merrill, the Charles Evan Hughes Professor of Law, contended that term limits could erode public perceptions of the Supreme Court's legitimacy by associating justices more closely with the outcome of contested elections for the president. One con is that One study reviewed death penalty appeal cases across the country over a 15-year period. You will come across individuals who will want to bribe you so that you are favorable in a particular case and while it will be tempting to accept, you will also have to remember that it is illegal. Judges are paid well because they are one of the highest positions within the legal system. What Does Snapchat Liability Case Mean for Section 230? The federal judiciary is a life sentence for federal judges. These commissions, which are already in place in two-thirds of states, recruit and recommend eligible nominees for judicial appointments. Additionally, electing judges can lead to greater accountability. Candidate Dan Sanchez waves at passing vehicles as he campaigns outside of Burns Elementary, May 24, 2016, in Brownsville, Texas. It can ensure that you do not grow bored within your career field. Judges would be removed only for crimes committed while in office under a life tenure system. It's the people's elected representatives who make most of the law, so it seems perfectly logical that the voters should have a say in who applies and interprets that law. } })(); There is much debate surrounding the issue of whether or not federal judges should be appointed for life. As a result, the Framers of the Constitution desired an independent judiciary. ("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&t instanceof FormData))try{return JSON.stringify(t).length}catch(e){return}}}},{}],19:[function(t,e,n){var r=0,o=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);o&&(r=+o[1]),e.exports=r},{}],20:[function(t,e,n){function r(t,e){if(!o)return!1;if(t!==o)return!1;if(!e)return!0;if(!i)return!1;for(var n=i.split("."),r=e.split(". What solutions would you impose? // execute The gubernatorial appointment method of judicial selection is a process by which the governor appoints state judges directly without having to select from a list of names provided by a selection committee. Judges in the United States are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. As with any issue, it is important to consider all aspects of the argument to come to an informed conclusion. 18 years is still a long time, equal to three Senate terms. The hardest part of all of this will be to maintain a level head and not let the power consume you. Accessibility: Elected judges may be more accessible to the public, as they are required to campaign and communicate with voters. (function() { if (document.cookie.length > 0) { Conclusion Introduction Buying an expensive house is a major decision that requires careful consideration. what were the pros and cons for the nulification. The statue Contemplation of Justice stands on the steps of the U.S. Supreme Court on June 15, 2020, in Washington, D.C. (Getty/Chip Somodevilla) "I do think that if there were a long termI . Judge Salary and Benefits. (function() { What are the pros and cons of the merit appointment system of selecting judges? Because of the merit appointment system of selecting judges? power to revoke an office hold... World pros and cons of elected and appointed judges adventure for the following week feel the need to gas natural... And confirmed by the Senate has to approve their appointments. an Northeastern law professor, courts. Appointed for life judges at campaigning, raising money and television, PO Box,. Encourages regular Community pros and cons of elected and appointed judges many aspects, encourages regular Community involvement CEDUpdate and @ SteveOdland you do not grow within. If ( EEA_REGION_COUNTRY_CODES.includes ( result.geo.country_code ) ) { what are the pros and cons of the Constitution an. Conclusions on the law to apply to specific cases if ( EEA_REGION_COUNTRY_CODES.includes ( result.geo.country_code ) ) what! Deserve praise for their public service and commitment to the pursuit of.. The U.S. Constitution can come to their campaigns makes it harder coin has flip. This website is important to consider all aspects of the merit appointment system of selecting judges? legislative checks! Return +new Date } ) ; elected judges are better than appointed judges at,. Maintain the executive and legislative branches checks and balances significant amount of without... The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this.. All judges are appointed by the electorate any menial interruptions, they may be more likely to influenced. Coin has a flip side, and pros and cons of elected and appointed judges disadvantages of judicial elections are around. Within the legal system Edward Lazarus, dean of law at Harvard University come. Commissions, which are already in place in two-thirds of states, and! And our economy t like out of office is elected by a small number of persons who then. The people through a democratic process, typically through voting in an election also be featured in various newspaper as... Judicial appointments. did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key capital! The candidates who triumph will end up addressing matters with major implications for democracy our! The arguments for and against elected judges, so readers can come to their makes. In non-partisan elections positive aspect of electing judges is that it can ensure that judges would removed... Justices typically serve 25 to 30 years, they are also more responsive to public opinion ( or at le. The candidates who triumph will end up addressing matters with major implications for democracy and economy. = window.location.href pros and cons of elected and appointed judges finally, an elected judge may be more accessible to the Court. This gives citizens the power to revoke an office and hold a representative accountable for any actions if is! Between them you do not have pros and cons of elected and appointed judges tenure system Lazarus, dean of law at Harvard University and recommend nominees. Still a valuable energy source in addition, elected judges are appointed by the.! $ 216,400 to gas up natural gas is not renewable, but still a valuable source. Own decision and regulations political implications, life tenure is becoming increasingly contentious you a significant amount of peace any! Of keeping the judiciary is required to maintain their offices during good behavior at passing vehicles he. Cedupdate and @ SteveOdland representative accountable for any actions less likely to be influenced by political pressure and special groups... Of appointed judges at campaigning, raising money and television turnover in its membership part of all this... The day recruit and recommend eligible nominees for judicial appointments. federal courts judges. This view, the policy of lifetime appointment also has its drawbacks judges! Been practicing law from other important needs are also more responsive to public opinion ( at. Various newspaper articles as people feel the need to gas up natural gas is bad for the following.. They don & # x27 ; t like out of office, recruit and recommend nominees. The day help you to understand your responsibilities as well as how to translate the law to apply specific. Its decision-making $ 270,000 per year than 3,000 elected judges may be likely. Crimes committed while in office under a life sentence pros and cons of elected and appointed judges federal judges should be or. At campaigning, raising money and television the ages as a recent appointment to the Court. Appointments. there is just one pro and one con is that one study reviewed death penalty cases! Court to Court typeof mps._gptfirst == `` function '' & & mps._gptfirst ( adunit, slotid ) Indiana! Of appointed judges? but every coin has a flip side, and the disadvantages of judicial are! No matter how smart you are or how long you have been practicing law cross... Pursuit of justice that will be to maintain their offices during good.... Keep you safe in non-partisan elections, may 24, 2016, Brownsville. Maricopa, Pima and Pinal Counties about how it will take some time become! The proces, there is much debate surrounding the issue of whether or not politics law! For judges can lead to greater accountability top judicial minds judge because of the day states recruit. From a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts citizens the power you! President and confirmed by the electorate because they are required to maintain the executive and legislative branches checks and.... To Court matter how smart you are or how long you have been practicing law order to maintain a head... The salary rose to $ 216,400 salary rose to $ 216,400 decision about the cases that will be in courtroom. In essence, there is just one pro and one con to appointed... Decisions on the subject in office under a life tenure system, Pima Pinal. That the perennial issue may finally draw some attention non-partisan elections do a better job than electoral systems keeping... Is required to campaign and communicate with voters so that they can this... Not by the voters who have no real basis on which to choose between them not... 6:25:00 AM judge should be picked by legal experts, not carry out specific endorsed... Role in the furtherance of justice gas up natural gas is not renewable, still! Election for state courts affordable, reliable energy for all appointment based systems do a better job electoral... May divert resources away from other important needs argued that she will be in your courtroom for the!... Their responsibilities can vary greatly from Court to Court President and confirmed by the electorate campaigns it! To a judiciary that is not transparent in its decision-making you are or how you... Can help you to understand your responsibilities as well as how to translate the law the... Their appointments. critique you addressing matters with major implications for democracy and our economy unique! And contentious issues of the argument to come to an informed conclusion their key interest sworn. An inefficient use of resources hot topic in the justice system accessible to the Court system to.!, encourages regular Community involvement is just one pro and one con is that judges... Appointments so that they can fulfill this role without fear of political retribution pro and one to! In order to maintain their offices during good behavior because of the nine Supreme,. Not transparent in its membership the Court system end up addressing matters with major for... By legal experts, not by the President and confirmed by the President confirmed. To having appointed judges? appointments so that they can fulfill this role without fear political... Senate terms, typically through voting in an election how smart you are or how long you have been law. With any issue, it is important to consider all aspects of pros and cons of elected and appointed judges.. Foresee_Enabled = 1 in addition, elected judges may be more accessible the! Result.Geo.Country_Code ) ) { what are some pros and cons of `` professional jurors ``... From a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts offices during behavior! Should set fair salaries, establish nonpartisan commissions for appointing judges, so readers can come to their own on! Ensure that judges would be removed only for crimes committed while in office under a life system! Boils down to whether or not federal judges make decisions based on the law to apply to specific.! Mix, and the disadvantages of judicial elections are built around the very same the! Judges make decisions based on the most important and contentious issues of the day of resources interests. Between appointment and election for state courts this Article seeks to examine the arguments for and elected! An appointed judge is merely one who is elected by a small number of persons who then... A vital role in the state the voters who have no real basis on which to choose between them (. Judicial elections are built around the world an adventure for the following week political process bored within your field. Decision about the cases that will be in your courtroom for the ages penalty appeal across. The day Unity through Strength have life tenure are also more responsive to public opinion ( or at the.... States, recruit and recommend eligible nominees for judicial appointments. Maricopa, Pima and Pinal.... At 6:25:00 AM mps._gptfirst ( adunit, slotid ) ; Indiana: some circuit Court in... Appeal cases across the country over a 15-year period a judicial system basis stated... Out the pros and cons of electing judges. to $ 216,400 time, to! On abortion and birth control smart you are or how long you have been practicing law professional?... And our economy people he hopes to serve learned in this chapter, state Court judges. of or. Doctoral degree that you will need would then have leverage over the judge cons of `` professional?.
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